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Conjunctions
Correlative
Subordinatin=
g
Coordinating=
Conjunctive =
Adverbs
By
Wanda Lockwood
Monterey Peninsula College En= glish & Study Skills Center
Monterey, CA
Wanda Lockwood
Monterey Peninsula College En= glish & Study Skills Center
Monterey, CA
Correlative conjunctions
are a little different from the
other types because they
work in pairs, joining
words, phrases, or clauses
that are equal (noun to noun,
for example)
=
There
are only 5 pairs to remember:
bot=
h and
eit=
her or
nei=
ther nor
not=
only but (also)
whe=
ther or
Be sure to put the conjunctions
directly in front of the words,
phrases, or clauses you
are joining.
Both the mother and
the baby
kangaroo
travel together.
Be sure to add the subjects
and use a plural verb with
both . . .and:
Both mosquitoes and
the porcupine
are a real
pain
at times.
Ladybugs are helpful both in the
flower garden
and in the vegetable
garden.
Both while
we were sleeping
and while
we were working,
the lion circled our camp.
=
OK,
which is correct?
A. &nbs=
p;
Both Sara and Ted
is=
coming
soon.
B. &nbs=
p;
Both Sara and Ted
are
coming soon.
=
OK,
which is correct?
A. &nbs=
p;
Both Sara and Ted
is=
coming
soon.
B. &nbs=
p;
Both Sara and Ted
are
coming soon.
B=
!! Add the subjects
Either…or is a little tricky
when you are joining two
subjects.&nb=
sp;
The verb matches
the subject that follows or.
Either the children
or Jessie
is arriving at noon.
Note: &=
nbsp;
the verb “is arriving” matches
“Jessie” and ignores “the
children.”
Ok,
let’s look at this again:
Either Mary and John
or the
rat=
is
stealing the cheese.
Note:
the verb “is stealing”
matches “the rat” and
ignores “Mary and John.”
Let’s switch:
Either the
rat or Mary&#=
13;
and John are
stealing the cheese.
Either my
income tax or
my bills
have to be finished
today.
W=
hich
one is correct?
A. Either the
throngs of people or
the dancing woman is
=
making a lot of noise.
B. Either the throngs
of people or =
the dancing
woman are making
a lot of noise.
W=
hich
one is correct?
A. Either the
throngs of people or
the dancing woman is
=
making a lot of noise.
B. Either the throngs
of people or =
the dancing
woman are making
a lot of noise.
A! =
Ignore
the first
subject.
If
correlative conjunctions join
independent clauses, you need
to separate them with a comma as you would with coordinating
conjunctions.
independent clauses, you need
to separate them with a comma as you would with coordinating
conjunctions.
Either Hitoshi
will finish
the drawings tonight, or
he will have to get
up and finish them
before breakfast.
Note:
here two
independent clauses
are being joined.
Neither . . . nor means “not one
or the other,” so don’t use
<=
/b>
an additional negative word,
=
such as not,
in the sentence:
Neither the
dog nor the cat likes
my neighbor.
Note:
when using neither=
. .
.nor to join subjects,&#=
13;
only the second subject matches the verb.=
Y=
ou can
say:
When I went to the
clinic, I didn’t see
the doctor or the nurse.
or<=
/b>
When I went to the
clinic, I saw neither
the doctor
nor the
nurse.