Adjective Clauses

An adjective clause can be used when a noun is repeated in two clauses.  The repetition may be direct (the same word) or indirect (a pronoun).  The repeated word is replaced by an adjective pronoun (who, whom, which, that, whose, where, when).  The grammar varies according to the grammatical function of the adjective pronoun.
 

    1a.  A student came to my office.  The student needed
           help on her paper.  (student = subject)
    1b.  A student who needed help on her paper came
           to my office.

    2a.  The man was nervous.  I talked to him.  (him =
           object)
    2b.  The man whom I talked to was nervous.  Or:
    2c.  The man           I talked to was nervous.

    3a.   I have a friendMy friend's mother won the
            lottery.  (my friend's = possessive)
    3b.   I have a friend whose mother won the lottery.

    4a.   The restaurant burned down.  Lupe works
            in a restaurant.  (in a restaurant = adverbial,
            a preposition + noun)
    4b.   The restaurant where Lupe works burned down.
    4c.    The restaurant that Lupe works in burned down.

    5a.    My car broke down.  I just bought the car last
             week.  (The reader already knows which car
             I am referring to.)
    5b.    My car, which I just bought last week, broke
             down.  (notice the commas)

 

Some common errors (*) with adjective clauses:

    a.    *The car who I bought broke down.
    b.    *A student needed help came to my office.
    c.    *A student who she needed help came to
           *my office.
    d.    *I have a friend that mother won the lottery.
    e.    *The restaurant that Lupe works burned down.
    f.     *I visited a new park where is beautiful.

 

Unfortunately these examples only cover a few of the possibilities.  To see more explanation and do some exercises, go to the links below:

Links:

        The basics:            studyzone/410/grammar/adj.htm
           More advanced: adjective clauses
            Variety:  more adjclause
            Possessive:  adjclauses whose
           Commas or no commas:  restrictive/nonrestrictive

 

 

 

09/26/2008