Electrophilic Aromatic Substitution
 Table of Substituent Activating and Directing Effects

o/p

very strongly activating
inductive effect: weak, EW
resonance effect: strong, ED

o/p

strongly activating
inductive effect: weak, EW
resonance effect: medium, ED

o/p

activating
inductive effect: weak, ED
resonance effect: medium, ED

o/p

 
activating
inductive effect: weak, ED
resonance effect: none
 

none

(nondirecting)

standard
inductive effect: none
resonance effect: none

o/p

deactivating
inductive effect: strong, EW
resonance effect: weak, ED
 

m

deactivating
inductive effect: strong, EW
resonance effect: none
 

m

Y = H, R, OH, OR', Cl
 

strongly deactivating
inductive effect: strong, EW
resonance effect: strong, EW

m

strongly deactivating
inductive effect: strong, EW
resonance effect: ~none

m

very strongly deactivating
inductive effect: strong, EW
resonance effect: none

m

very strongly deactivating
inductive effect: strong, EW
resonance effect: strong, EW